- Plan healthy meals for the whole family! It’s a good way to not only help you, but to prevent others to diagnose your children – that is, to prevent diabetes if the child have risk factors
- Eliminate soft drinks and carbonated drinks and limit consumption of carbohydrate
- Learn to count grams of carbohydrates and read the labels of the products you buy at the supermarket.
- Give the child a weight loss goal is realistic. Talk honestly with him about his condition and explain that their cooperation is essential to control the disease.
- Encourage them to physical activity, ideally 1 hour a day, but 30 minutes a day five days a week are very positive. Controls the time devoted to television or computer.
- Take the child to take regular eye exams. Check also your feet to prevent problems, (eg in case of an injury and not realize to treat it before it becomes infected).
- If the child or adolescent does not cooperate, try to find the cause. Teens also have to deal with hormonal changes that affect their behavior, and mood fluctuations (changes) of glucose. Consult your doctor if you have any questions.
- Make changes in lifestyle gradually. Small steps, one at a time, but consistently, are the best long-term yield results.

Remember that other conditions, from a common cold infection, can affect glucose levels. Keep it in mind to not be alarmed.

How to prevent type 2 diabetes in children?

The most effective way is to avoid the main cause: excess weight and obesity. A balanced diet and exercise are the perfect formula, not only to ward off diabetes, but other conditions prejudicial to health. Parents and teachers should encourage children to eat smaller meals, less refined carbohydrates and more fruits and vegetables and always with a protein, and exercise daily to perform during or after school.

Type 2 diabetes is a very real threat. But you can help your child avoid and control if you have already developed. The up to you, show her how much so I want to take to play in the park or inviting their friends to an impromptu baseball game, instead of letting it sit for hours in front of the computer. With your help we will succeed.

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A child with type 2 diabetes? Until recent years, was weird. The most common type of diabetes in children was type 1 (formerly called juvenile diabetes, in which the pancreas produces no insulin). The picture has been changing, and unfortunately, worse. Take a look at the U.S. survey data provided by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC):

More than 186,000 people under age 20 have diabetes (type 1 and type 2) only in the United States.
Physicians and health care providers diagnose more and more children and more adolescents with type 2 diabetes, a type of diabetes that is usually diagnosed in adults 40 years or more, making it a major health problem in this segment of the people.

The rise in obesity levels in children and low physical activity combine to further worsen the trend.
Children and adolescents diagnosed with type 2 diabetes aged between 10 and 19 are obese, have close relatives who have diabetes and are resistant to insulin with difficulty controlling glucose (sugar) levels.

Why does my child have diabetes type 2?

Whenever we eat, the digestive system turns carbohydrates into glucose (blood sugar). The pancreas secretes a hormone called insulin, which helps sugar enter the cells for their use as energy. When your child has type 2 diabetes, cells are either resistant to the effects of insulin (or does not do) and then glucose builds up in blood at levels that are unhealthy and can be dangerous to health. Over time, diabetes makes the body of the child, adolescent or adult, at risk of complications associated with diabetes such as heart disease, blindness and kidney problems, among others.

Why my child?

The main cause of the increase of type 2 diabetes in children, and probably your child’s diabetes is being overweight. In the United States alone, one in five children is overweight, doubling the chances of developing diabetes. This epidemic of overweight does not occur in a vacuum arises due to unhealthy eating habits, lack of physical activity and exercise.

The fight this cause is just the first line of defense and treatment for your child. The doctor will determine if the child is overweight, and how, taking into account gender, age, weight and height (height). As you can gradually reduce excess weight, it is much easier to keep glucose levels under control. The diet of a child should never be too narrow as it is growing and developing.
To bring that level of glucose to normal levels, the pediatrician, the child and you must work together for successful treatment. What is this?

Under doctor supervision and with your help, the child must learn to eat better and healthier, reducing the amount of fats and sugars. As it is older, he or she (perhaps along with a registered dietitian will tell you what and how much to eat).

Increase the level of physical activity. According to federal recommendations included in the U.S. Physical Activity Guide, children and adolescents should engage in at least one hour of physical activity a day.
Take your medications. Although often type 2 diabetes can be controlled with diet and exercise for a while, sometimes, as the condition is progressive will need to take medication later. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a drug called metformin (in tablet and liquid form) to help reduce glucose in children. When taken daily, Metformin increases the body’s sensitivity to its own insulin, the active and more effective in bringing glucose into cells. Initially, some people, may cause stomach upset, nausea and diarrhea but these symptoms disappear in a few weeks. Many people also helps you lose weight because this can reduce appetite.

Controlling diabetes involves a daily commitment for life. The child, like adults, need to learn to measure their blood glucose levels daily, sometimes more than once. Occasionally you may need to inject insulin (this is rare in cases of type 2 diabetes, especially at first). The doctor will tell you what type of insulin dose should be used and in the case of your son.

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According to latest statistics from the World Health Organization, more than 220 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes. Of course such a company does not serve you much comfort at this time. The important thing is that you consider that millions of these diabetics have learned to control and manage the illness. And you can too. Of course, supervision and advice of your doctor are important, and further treatment, but the person directly responsible and in charge of your health every day, is a diabetic, from what you eat to the activities.

Learning to live with diabetes and control need to focus on several important areas: nutrition, physical activity, monitoring your blood glucose (sugar) in the blood, medicines, if you take, and risk reduction.

You will not learn everything at once or overnight: it is a process that will last a lifetime. Start by making small changes to restructure your lifestyle and make it more healthy and beneficial for you. The changes implemented in the first years after diagnosis chart the way forward for the management and control of disease in the future. And as the road is going, we suggest you take together the first step:

First: you need to adopt a positive attitude.

Avoid guilt is not worth scolded you, you complain or feel guilty for having “caused” the illness. Whatever the cause of your diabetes, let go of the past, acknowledges that you have now and you need to start taking steps towards the future.

Transform your health this crisis into an opportunity. This is the time to transform your life and your health, decides to learn to eat better, exercise more and take better care of your overall health. And you can do with the right information and support from your doctor and your family.

Make changes gradually. While it is tempting to want to change your diet drastically or reset all your schedule to incorporate more exercise, be realistic. It is preferable to adjust your routine to go steadily and long term.

Remember that you are the “captain of the ship.” Your doctor, dietitian or endocrinologist (doctor who specializes in hormones, including diabetes), and the closest members of your family are your support group, but you and only you must take the decisions necessary to adapt the diet, exercise and drugs to create a healthy balance that allows you to work and feel good.

Accept that setbacks will occur and relapse. Do not expect perfection every day to not feel frustrated (a).
Prepare strategies for special occasions: holidays, family reunions, religious celebrations, office parties … all that can break your daily routine and affect your diabetes control. Think healthy alternatives for those days, or to counteract the effects of certain excesses.

Vital: Stay always well informed

Learn all you can about your type of diabetes: it is neither practical nor possible to constantly call the doctor to inquire what you are planning of food each day, or every time you take the medicine. Instead, ask them to show you where to look for accurate information for patients with diabetes like you. Follow his advice, visit the public library, do searches on the Internet. Get as much information as possible about your diabetes, recognize the symptoms, new treatments for disease control to be able to help more and better yourself. Read often!

Become an expert at reading food labels, is essential for you to plan nutritious meals, identify the best sources of carbohydrates, avoid excess calories, limiting the dangerous trans fats and excess sodium. At first, avoid eating out (and avoid more calories and sodium) until you stabilize and acquire more knowledge about the foods that benefit you and you can order with confidence portions and dishes that do not adversely affect your health.

Be careful with carbohydrates: carbohydrates have more effect on blood glucose (sugar) levels than protein or fat, but are necessary nutrients that you need to include in a healthy diet. If you learn to control the amount of carbohydrates you eat, you’ll have better control over the fluctuations (changes) of glucose in blood. Learn how many grams of carbohydrate or your favorite foods you eat regularly (see nutrition books, the Internet, or a registered dietitian or qualified nutritionist) to create a meal plan where you know how many grams of carbohydrates you should consume each food. Select carbohydrate sources that also include fiber, vitamins and minerals (fruits, vegetables, whole grains and low fat dairy products).

Monitors the level of blood sugar: Keep track of your glucose levels at the times you indicate your physician. That will help you realize how your glucose readings are affected by the foods you eat, for physical activity, stress, or even other diseases you can catch like a cold, for example, or an infection.
Control the portion size: generally what we usually serve up to much more than a real part. You should buy a bucks to weigh the meat, for example, and you can have a better idea of ​​how much you eat. If you go out to eat, keep in mind that the portions are large and also much more generous than usual. Eat half, take the rest home or share with someone.

Another step forward: great organization!

Properly planned health check: set a plan for taking blood pressure and also makes the visits to the ophthalmologist for examination of an enlarged view. When you make your regular checkups, you’ll notice right away when a reading is abnormal and you can take immediate action. Check with your doctor about it to let you test you should ask yourself regularly. Write it down on a calendar so you do not happen to you.
Take medications as directed, follow the instructions of your doctor and do not make any changes on your own without asking first.

Set realistic goals and specific: instead of simply saying “I will lose weight” Aim “I lose 5 pounds in 1 month.” Or “I will eat an apple for dessert 2 days a week” instead of “I will eat more fruit.”
If you only have time for one thing: please be a bit of exercise. The earlier you start exercising, the better you control your level of blood sugar, excess weight (if you are overweight) and avoid complications. Try to do some type of physical activity daily.

Do not forget a good support team

Join other patients with diabetes: are investigating whether diabetes support groups in your community (in VidaySalud have one). Communication with other patients will enrich your experience. Together we can share information, that has worked or not and no one will understand them better than your fears and frustrations.

There are many people willing to help, including your family and friends. Do not hide your illness. Keep them aware of your relapses and your achievements.

Become a friend from pharmacist means a person who knows the medicines you take will help you avoid dangerous interactions and side effects. Although you should always notify your doctor of all vitamins, herbs and supplements you consume, share this information with your pharmacist as well. Remember that although all have counter effects on your body.

Remember, a step, though short, is a sign of progress. Aim for realistic goals and see that it is possible to cope with and manage diabetes. Do not let her move an inch more. Think positive: you must and you can take control. Start now!

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The main risk factors for this disease are:

- Age 45 and over

- Overweight (BMI over 25)

- Family history of diabetes

- Regular physical inactivity

- Previous history of gestational diabetes or birth of a child of more than 4.5 kg

- High blood pressure

- Elevated blood fats

- Previous history of vascular disease.

What tests are used and who the potential candidates to be screened or act on them?

People in presenting the above mentioned risk factors should be tested for prediabetes (ie altered level of blood sugar, before the full development of the disease, and consist of the so-called impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose, according to the number detected in blood sugar). Specifically:

- People over 45 years, particularly overweight (BMI over 25)

- People under 45 years old and overweight, if they have another risk factor for diabetes that we have listed before.

Screening can be done in two ways:

- Through a blood test which measures the level of sugar or

- By test called the oral glucose tolerance, which involves administration of a very sugary drink and conducting a blood test which measures the sugar level at 2 hours of drinking.

Now used much more the first test for its simplicity, speed, convenience and acceptability to patients, and being more economical. Repeat testing is recommended every 3 years in people with normal blood sugar level.

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood sugar resulting from defects in insulin secretion, action of this hormone, or both. There are two types diabetes: type 1 and type 2. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of the disease is often asymptomatic in the initial or early stages and can remain hidden or undiagnosed for many years.

Sustained elevation in blood sugar that occurs in this disease is associated with long-term dysfunction, damage and failure of several major organs such as eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart and blood vessels. Individuals with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes are also at greater risk than non-diabetics to suffer a stroke, a disease of the coronary arteries of the heart and peripheral blood vessels. Finally, these people are also more likely to have elevated blood fats, elevated blood pressure and obesity.Some data on the magnitude of the problem

Anyone anywhere in the world can have diabetes, a disease that currently affects nearly 200 million people around the world and, according to predictions by the World Health Organization and the International Diabetes Federation, will affect more than 350 million in 2025. In Spain (estimate 2004) it is estimated that 1.5 million people diagnosed and undiagnosed until another million, with an estimated 2.5 million diabetics. Is estimated to be nearly 4 million by 2025. Diabetes currently affects 7-8 people in 100 and this figure is expected to rise in coming years.

But worst of these large numbers is suspected that half of diabetic patients are unaware that they are and this figure may rise to 80% in some countries.

Importance of lifestyle in preventing diabetes

It has been shown that weight reduction and increased physical activity are two measures that can prevent or delay the onset of diabetes. The objective could be modest changes in lifestyle, such as a weight loss of 5% to 10% of body weight and physical activity also modest, such as physical exercise half hour.

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- People who are at risk of developing diabetes should be aware of the benefits of losing weight, even modestly, and regular physical activity.

- People over 45 years, particularly those with a BMI over 25 kg/m2 are candidates for screening to detect prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance). In the same way should be considered screening in younger people with a BMI over 25 and have additional risk factors.

- We recommend repeating the test every 3 years in people with normal blood sugar level.

- Screening should be performed as part of normal health care by the family doctor. It can be done by analyzing blood sugar measurement or by an oral glucose load. A positive result should be confirmed by repeat testing on another day.

As performance in the patients pre-diabetes is detected in tests, they should be instructed to lose weight and increase their level of physical activity. In these cases, appropriate monitoring is important to control the disease.

Periodic analytical controls should be made every 1-2 years to monitor the progress of the disease.

Should receive special care and treatment for other cardiovascular risk factors such as snuff, hypertension, excess fat in the blood, and so on.

Although there are some medications to prevent elevation of blood sugar should not be used to prevent diabetes routinely at the moment and until we have more information.

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Studying Blood Sugar and the Brain
Two recent studies back up previous evidence that diabetes can alter brain function. In one study, reported in Neuropsychology, adults with diabetes performed Significantly worse than adults without diabetes on two tests of mental processing.

In the other study, reported in Diabetes Care, adults with diabetes who had higher blood-glucose levels – compared with diabetes patients who controlled their blood-glucose levels – performed worse on tasks that required memory, speed and the ability to focus without being distracted by various stimuli.

It’s not exactly clear how blood sugar levels might affect mental function. Higher blood sugar levels cause cognitive impairment. Other factors might also be involved. For instance, having a lower-than-normal response to insulin might increase your blood sugar and odd brain processes.

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Diabetes

“Diabetes is a chronic disease that can cause serious complications such as heart disease and stroke, high blood pressure, blindness, kidney failure and nervous system damage,” said ACP President Dr. J. Fred Ralston in a press release from school on the occasion of Diabetes Month in November.

Among the risk factors for type 2 diabetes include: being over 45 years, have a family history of diabetes, being overweight, not physically active, have had gestational diabetes, high blood pressure or high cholesterol, being African American, American Indian, Asian American, Hispanic or Pacific Islander.

“It’s important to know the risk factors and warning signs of diabetes and what you can do to treat the disease if you have it,” said Ralston.

Among the warning signs of diabetes include: excessive thirst and / or extreme hunger, frequent urination, fatigue, unusual weight loss, blurred vision, tingling or numbness in hands or feet, frequent infections, and slow healing bruises.

A simple blood test can diagnose diabetes.

Those who have been diagnosed with diabetes can control the disease if: exercise regularly, follow a healthy diet rich in vegetables, fruits, fish, poultry and whole grains lose weight, control their levels of blood sugar and inform your doctor and take medication every day.

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People with diabetes have a greater chance of adding other risk factors to existing ones, such as increasing LDL cholesterol and triglycerides and decreased plasma HDL cholesterol. Therefore, taking into account that millions of people suffer from these conditions, the American Heart Association has published the latest trends in treatment of dyslipidemia in diabetes, so that health professionals can help diabetics improve their quality of life .

Recent advances in the treatment of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients

* According to this publication, the combined treatment of statins and fibrates are the best results have been given.
* For food, it must be based on a diet low in saturated fat, rich in unsaturated fats and fiber. Besides reducing the consumption of sugar, white flour and its derivatives, cakes, kneaded pastries, sweets, etc.
* The publication suggests that physicians measure lipid levels once a year.
* In individuals older than 40 years with diabetes, cardiovascular disease but without this, it is suggested to keep LDL cholesterol levels below 100 mg / dl. If despite diet and lifestyle changes is not achieved, it should start drug treatment.
* Patients with triglycerides above 500 mg / dl, and high LDL cholesterol, suggests starting with a fibrate-based therapy to first normalize the triglyceride level and then begin to reduce bad cholesterol.

Importantly, these new trends in the treatment of dyslipidemia in diabetes are only medical management. The objective of this research is to improve the quality of life of people with diabetes, so they can reduce risk factors that may impair your cardiovascular health

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The relationship between gum disease and diabetes is two-way, any person who suffers from diabetes is the most susceptible to contracting a disease ginvival severe, severe gum disease may also affect control of blood glucose and help the Abanco of diabetes, diabetics are at increased risk for oral health problems such as gingivitis and periodontitis, these people have a reduced ability to fight bacteria that invade the gums.

I’m at risk for dental problems if I am diabetic? When blood glucose levels are poorly controlled, is very prone to gum disease and lose a lot more teeth than people without diabetes.

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